What bit and equipment is appropriate for working cow horse competition?

Equipment choices in working cow horse competition are governed by the organization's rulebook, and the rules vary between NRCHA, AQHA, and other sanctioning bodies, so reading the current rulebook for the specific organization you are competing under is essential before making equipment decisions. That said, there are general principles and common choices that reflect both the traditions of the discipline and the practical demands of the work. Horses shown in the bridle — typically those five years old and older under most rulebooks — are shown in a curb bit with a curb chain or strap. The style of bit varies widely, from low-port correction bits to higher-port designs, and the choice is based on the individual horse's response to different amounts of tongue pressure and bar pressure. A horse shown in the wrong bit for its conformation and sensitivity will show tension or resistance that costs points, while a horse correctly bitted will be light, responsive, and appear to work willingly throughout the pattern. Younger horses shown in the snaffle or hackamore divisions are subject to their own equipment rules that specify the type of headgear and any restrictions on reins and hands. Two-handed riding is permitted and expected in snaffle and hackamore classes, while bridle horses are shown one-handed. The transition from snaffle to hackamore to bridle over a horse's early career is part of the traditional training progression that working cow horse was built on. Saddles are not specified in most rulebooks beyond general propriety, but a working cow horse saddle should fit the horse correctly, allow the rider freedom of movement for the athletic demands of cow work, and have rigging that keeps the saddle stable during the explosive stops and turns of fence work. Equipment that fits poorly or shifts during the run creates problems that show up in the horse's movement and expression regardless of how well it is trained.